In modern power systems, Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS for short) has become a key component in high-voltage power grids due to its small size, low maintenance requirements and high reliability. SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride) gas, as a commonly used insulating medium in GIS, is widely applied in various high-voltage equipment due to its excellent electrical insulation performance and arc-extinguishing capability. However, the leakage problem of SF6 gas poses a severe challenge to the operational safety of equipment and environmental protection. Therefore, the research on the detection and monitoring technology of its leakage state is particularly important.
SF6 gas features extremely high electrical insulation strength and chemical stability, making it an indispensable insulating and arc-extinguishing medium in GIS equipment. Its sealed gas environment effectively prevents the generation and spread of electric arcs, ensuring the safe operation of the equipment. However, the leakage of SF6 gas can lead to a decline in insulation performance, increase the risk of equipment failure, and as a potent greenhouse gas, its environmental impact cannot be ignored. Therefore, timely detection and location of leakage points are of great significance for ensuring the safety of power grids and environmental protection.
The application of multi-dimensional detection technology
For the detection of SF6 gas leakage, the technical means have gradually developed from the traditional manual inspection to an automated and intelligent detection system. At present, a multi-level detection framework has been constructed by combining multiple methods such as sensor technology, optical detection and unmanned aerial vehicle inspection.
1.Infrared spectroscopy analysis technology
SF6 gas has specific infrared absorption spectral characteristics, and the sensitive detection of SF6 gas can be achieved by using an infrared spectrometer. By adjusting the wavelength of the light source, the detection instrument can accurately identify the location and concentration of gas leakage. The advantage of this technology lies in its non-contact detection, which is suitable for on-site rapid inspection of high-voltage equipment and greatly improves the detection efficiency.
2. Gas sensor network
Deploy multiple gas sensors to form a network to achieve real-time monitoring of the surrounding environment of GIS equipment. Sensors typically adopt semiconductor, infrared or electrochemical principles, capable of continuously collecting gas concentration data. Combined with a data analysis platform, they can promptly issue leakage warnings. This method is suitable for long-term online monitoring and is convenient for maintenance personnel to grasp the changing trend of equipment status.
3. Acoustic wave detection technology
When gas leaks, sound wave signals of specific frequencies are generated. High-sensitivity sound wave sensors are used to capture the leakage sound waves, and combined with signal processing algorithms, the leakage points are located. This technology has certain requirements for environmental noise and is suitable for relatively quiet indoor or enclosed Spaces, functioning as an auxiliary detection method.
4. Unmanned aerial Vehicle inspection and infrared imaging
In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with infrared imagers have become a new means of GIS inspection. Drones can quickly cover a wide area and capture abnormal temperatures on the surface of equipment through infrared imaging, indirectly reflecting gas leakage situations. Combined with intelligent image processing technology, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) inspection greatly enhances the flexibility and safety of detection, especially suitable for equipment inspection in high-altitude or dangerous areas.
Data fusion and intelligent analysis
A single detection technology is difficult to comprehensively reflect the leakage status of SF6 gas, so multi-source data fusion has become a trend. By integrating infrared spectroscopy, gas sensors and acoustic wave detection data, a multi-dimensional leakage diagnosis model is established to improve the accuracy and response speed of detection. With the help of machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms, the system can automatically identify abnormal patterns, predict potential leakage risks, and provide a scientific basis for maintenance decisions.
Maintenance strategies and environmental protection
While detection technology is constantly advancing, a reasonable maintenance strategy is crucial for extending the lifespan of GIS equipment and reducing SF6 gas leakage. Regular maintenance should include gas pressure monitoring, seal inspection and equipment structure assessment. For the detected leakage points, timely repair measures should be taken to prevent small leaks from evolving into major ones. In addition, promoting the recovery and reuse technology of SF6 gas and reducing gas emissions are also key points of environmental protection work.